State v. Gardner’s Empirical Analysis
1980
Citation profile
44 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 44 later decisions — most recently May 2020 · most notably State v. Donaldson (1983), State v. Taylor (1986)
44 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on United States v. Caceres · United States v. Payner · 5 Cal. 3d 759 - People v. Mason · United States v. Consuelo-Gonzalez · Latta v. Fitzharris
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 44 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“The fact that there was cooperation between the probation officer and the police did not make the search illegal, because it was requested by the probation officer. When the search is at the probation officer’s request, as it was in this case, the search was reasonable if the probation officer believes that a search is necessary to perform his duties properly. [P]roper visitation by a probation officer does not cease to be so because he is accompanied by a law enforcement official .... However, under no circumstances should cooperation between law enforcement officers and probation officers be permitted to make the probation system a subterfuge for criminal investigations.”
1 later decision quote this exact passagee.g. State v. Bolin“adopt general regulations concerning the conditions of probation which apply in the absence of specific conditions imposed by the court.”
1 later decision quote this exact passagee.g. State v. Ponce“[t]he requirement to submit to a search at any time is subject to the requirement that the time be reasonable”
1 later decision quote this exact passagee.g. State v. Ponce
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.