United States v. Duarte’s Empirical Analysis
950 F.2d 1255 · 1991
Citation profile
170 federal appellate ·
How this case has been cited
Cited by 208 later decisions — most recently June 2024 · most notably United States v. Ortiz (1992), United States v. Burrell (1992)
170 federal appellate ·
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 18 U.S.C. § 2 · 21 U.S.C. § 841 (§ 401 of the Controlled Substances Act)
Relies on Jackson v. Virginia · Anderson v. City of Bessemer City · Pinkerton v. United States · Needler v. Valley National Bank of Arizona · Boatmen's National Bank of St. Louis v. Carver
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 208 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“explicitly state and support, either at the sentencing hearing or (preferably) in a written statement of reasons, the finding that the unconvicted activities bore the necessary relation to the convicted offense.”
20 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“were part of the same course of conduct or common scheme or plan”
15 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“to account for 'relevant conduct,' which includes drugs from any acts that 'were part of the same course of conduct or common scheme or plan' as the convicted offense, regardless of whether the defendant was charged with or convicted of carrying out those acts.”
14 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.