Gossman v. Allen’s Empirical Analysis
950 F.2d 338 · 1991
Citation profile
25 federal appellate ·
How this case has been cited
Cited by 45 later decisions — most recently August 2022 · most notably Jenkins v. City of New York (2007), Williams v. Kentucky (1994)
25 federal appellate ·
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Harlow v. Fitzgerald · Anderson v. Creighton · Mt. Healthy City School District Board of Education v. Doyle · Pickering v. Board of Education of Township High School District 205 Will County Illinois · Malley v. Briggs
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 45 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“if officers of reasonable competence could disagree”
9 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majoritye.g. Reed v. Clay · Manley v. Dwelle“a reasonable official could believe that Gossman had knowingly or recklessly made false statements to the media and to the court,”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“[W]e need only decide whether a reasonable official could believe that [the plaintiff] knowingly or recklessly made false statements. If an official reasonably believes that an employee made statements with knowledge of, or reckless indifference to, their falsity, the official would conclude that the employee could be fired without offending the First Amendment. Qualified immunity would therefore attach.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.