Patrick v. Miller’s Empirical Analysis
953 F.2d 1240 · 1992
Citation profile
54 federal appellate · 60 district · 6 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 153 later decisions — most recently January 2022 · most notably O'Connor v. Steeves (1993), Tonkovich v. Kansas Board of Regents (1998)
54 federal appellate · 60 district · 6 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 28 U.S.C. § 1291 · 42 U.S.C. § 1981 (Civil Rights Act of 1866) · 42 U.S.C. § 1983 (Civil Rights Act of 1871 / Section 1983 (Ku Klux Klan Act))
Relies on Harlow v. Fitzgerald · Mathews v. Eldridge · Anderson v. Creighton · Mitchell v. Forsyth · Pickering v. Board of Education of Township High School District 205 Will County Illinois
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 153 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“[t]he contours of the right must be sufficiently clear that a reasonable official would understand that what he is doing violates that right.”
6 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majoritye.g. Jackson v. Champion · Stump“determine whether defendants violated 'clearly established statutory or constitutional rights of which a reasonable person would have known' at the time the challenged conduct occurred.”
5 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“precise factual correlation between the then-existing law and the case at-hand is not required,”
5 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.