Hall v. Holder’s Empirical Analysis
955 F.2d 1563 · 1992
Citation profile
11 federal appellate · 2 district ·
Appellate journey
Relationships
Applies 42 U.S.C. § 1973 (§ 2 of the Voting Rights Act of 1965)
Relies on Thornburg v. Gingles · Commodity Futures Trading Commission v. Weintraub · City of Mobile v. Bolden · Johnson v. Mississippi · Chlorine Institute, Inc. v. Occupational Safety & Health Administration
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 24 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“supportive of, but not essential to, a minority voter's claim.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“this list of factors is neither comprehensive nor exclusive.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“the extent of any history of official discrimination . . . that touched the right of the members of the minority group to register to vote, to vote, or otherwise to participate in the democratic process; . . . the extent to which the state or political subdivision has used unusually large election districts, majority vote requirements, anti-single shot provisions, or other voting practices or procedures that may enhance the opportunity for discrimination against the minority group; . . . [and] the extent to which members of the minority group in the state or political subdivision bear the effects of discrimination in such areas a education, employment and health, which hinder their ability to participate effectively in the political process.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majoritye.g. Holder v. Hall
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.