Gibbs v. Giles’s Empirical Analysis
1980
Citation profile
4 federal appellate · 2 district · 7 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 15 later decisions — most recently February 2009
4 federal appellate · 2 district · 7 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Bogart v. George K. Porter Co. · 21 Cal. App. 3d 870 - Perez v. Singh · Jose v. Lyman · 331 So. 2d 268 - Osborn v. Riley · Acoustics, Inc. v. American Surety Co. of New York
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 15 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“Where a contract contains a promise for the benefit of a stranger to the contract, the third-party beneficiary has a direct right of action against the promisor.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.