United States v. Langer’s Empirical Analysis
962 F.2d 592 · 1992
Citation profile
30 federal appellate · 2 state decisions
Relationships
Relies on Strickland v. Washington · Bullock v. United States · Hughey v. United States · Town of Mashpee v. Mashpee Tribe · Albemarle Paper Co. v. Moody
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 37 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“[t]he phrase 'reasonable doubt' is self-explanatory and is its own best definition. Further elaboration 'tends to misleading refinements' which weaken and make imprecise the existing phrase.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage“use of an instruction defining reasonable doubt presents a situation equivalent to playing with fire”
1 later decision quote this exact passage
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.