Umoja v. State’s Empirical Analysis

Citation profile

20 state decisions

Most-quoted passages

The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 20 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.

1. “Or, if you find from the evidence beyond a reasonable doubt that on or about the 28th day of June, A.D.1997, in Bexar County, Texas, the defendant, Ti-motheo Rivera, did intentionally or knowingly cause the death of an individual, Gilbert Vasquez, by cutting or stabbing Gilbert Vasquez with a deadly weapon, to wit: a knife, that in the manner of its use or intended use was capable of causing death or serious bodily injury, thereby causing the death of Gilbert Vasquez; Or, if you find from the evidence beyond a reasonable doubt that on or about the 28th day of June, A.D.1997, in Bexar County, Texas, the defendant, Ti-motheo Rivera, intending to cause serious bodily injury to Gilbert Vasquez, did commit an act clearly dangerous to human life, to wit: by cutting or stabbing Gilbert Vasquez with a deadly weapon, to wit: a knife, that in the manner of its use or intended use was capable of causing death or serious bodily injury, then you will find the defendant guilty of murder as charged in the indictment.”

   1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
   e.g. Rivera v. State

2. “unless the concurrent cause was clearly sufficient to produce the result and the conduct of the actor clearly insufficient.”

   1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
   e.g. Johnson v. State

3. “no other concurrent cause was ‘clearly sufficient’ to cause the victim’s death.”

   1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
   e.g. Roderick Fountain v. State