United States v. Jackson’s Empirical Analysis
968 F.2d 158 · 1992
Citation profile
77 federal appellate · 6 district · 2 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 113 later decisions — most recently February 2012 · most notably United States v. Davis (1994), United States v. Rybicki (2003)
77 federal appellate · 6 district · 2 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 18 U.S.C. § 2 · 21 U.S.C. § 812 (§ 202 of the Controlled Substances Act) · 21 U.S.C. § 841 (§ 401 of the Controlled Substances Act)
Relies on Grayned v. City of Rockford · Kolender v. Lawson · Grayned v. City of Rockford · Corning Glass Works v. Brennan · Brewster v. Derwinski
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 113 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“[wjhile we believe that Congress contemplated that “cocaine base” would include cocaine in the form commonly referred to as “crack” or “rock” cocaine, Congress neither limited the term to that form in the plain language of the statute nor demonstrated an intent to do so in the statute’s legislative history. Congress used the chemical term “cocaine base” without explanation or limitation.”
3 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“the criminal offense with sufficient definiteness that ordinary people can understand what conduct is prohibited and in a manner that does not encourage arbitrary and discriminatory enforcement.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“[j]ust because other courts of appeals differ in their definitions of a terms does not mean that the term is void for vagueness.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.