McCloud v. Testa’s Empirical Analysis
97 F.3d 1536 · 1996
Citation profile
78 federal appellate · 3 district · 2 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 162 later decisions — most recently February 2021 · most notably National Satellite Sports, Inc. v. Eliadis, Inc. (2001), Turner v. Scott (1997)
78 federal appellate · 3 district · 2 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Monell v. Department of Social Services of City of New York · Harlow v. Fitzgerald · Anderson v. Creighton · Cohen v. Beneficial Industrial Loan Corp. · Mitchell v. Forsyth
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 162 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“filled by balancing out political party representation, or that are filled by balancing out selections made by different government agents or bodies.”
24 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majoritye.g. Hall v. Tollett · Heggen v. Lee“so clearly established when the acts were committed that any officer in the defendant's position, measured objectively, would have clearly understood that he was under an affirmative duty to have refrained from such conduct.”
5 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“is to be construed broadly, so as presumptively to encompass positions placed by the legislature outside of the 'merit' civil service.”
4 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.