United States v. Smith’s Empirical Analysis
973 F.2d 1374 · 1992
Citation profile
40 federal appellate · 1 district · 5 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 60 later decisions — most recently December 2023 · most notably United States v. Robinson (1994), United States v. Murray (1995)
40 federal appellate · 1 district · 5 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 18 U.S.C. § 2113 · 18 U.S.C. § 3153 (§ 201 of the Speedy Trial Act of 1974)
Relies on Schneckloth v. Bustamonte · Coolidge v. New Hampshire · Bumper v. North Carolina · Sedillo v. United States · Gregory Lumber Co. v. United States
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 60 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“significantly greater fear than that necessary to constitute an element of the offense of robbery.”
7 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“The threat may be in the form of an oral or written statement, act, gesture, or combination thereof; examples provided include”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“constituted an express threat of death and instilled greater fear than necessary to carry out the robbery.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.