Fulani v. Krivanek’s Empirical Analysis
973 F.2d 1539 · 1992
Citation profile
15 federal appellate · 2 district · 7 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 50 later decisions — most recently January 2022 · most notably Ned L. Siegel, Georgette Sosa Douglas v. Theresa Lepore, Charles E. Burton (2000), Duke v. Cleland (1993)
15 federal appellate · 2 district · 7 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on San Antonio Independent School District v. Rodriguez · Vandygriff v. Phillips · Hannahville Indian Community v. United States · Williams v. Rhodes · Anderson v. Celebrezze
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 50 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“A court considering a challenge to a state election law must weigh “the character and magnitude of the asserted injury to the rights protected by the First and Fourteenth Amendments that the plaintiff seeks to vindicate” against “the precise interests put forward by the State as justification for the burden imposed by its rule,” taking into consideration “the extent to which those interests make it necessary to burden the plaintiffs rights.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority“[t]he approach used by the Anderson Court can be described as a balanc ing test that ranges from strict scrutiny to a rational-basis analysis, depending on the circumstances.” Id. The Eleventh Circuit then emphasized that the Supreme Court in Bur-dick”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority“It is not entirely clear ... whether the Supreme Court would apply [the Anderson test] in an equal protection situation. None of the Supreme Court cases employing the Anderson test concerned an equal protection challenge to state election laws.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.