United States v. Ramirez-Lujan’s Empirical Analysis
976 F.2d 930 · 1992
Citation profile
17 federal appellate · 2 district ·
How this case has been cited
Cited by 28 later decisions — most recently September 2020 · most notably United States v. Inocencio (1994), United States v. Chavez-Villarreal (1993)
17 federal appellate · 2 district ·
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 21 U.S.C. § 841 (§ 401 of the Controlled Substances Act)
Relies on United States v. Cortez · United States v. Brignoni-Ponce · St. Martin Evangelical Lutheran Church v. South Dakota · United States v. Williams · United States v. De Leon-Reyna
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 28 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“We hold that, under all the circumstances, agent Coleman acted with an objectively reasonable good faith belief that he had a reasonable articulable suspicion that legally justified stopping Ramirez on Pinon Road.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority“evidence is not to be suppressed ... where it is discovered by officers in the course of actions that are taken in good faith and in the reasonable, though mistaken, belief that they are authorized.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.