United States v. Fritzson’s Empirical Analysis
979 F.2d 21 · 1992
Citation profile
12 federal appellate · 1 district ·
How this case has been cited
Cited by 20 later decisions — most recently August 2018
12 federal appellate · 1 district ·
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 18 U.S.C. § 1341 (White-Collar Crime Penalty Enhancement Act of 2002) · 18 U.S.C. § 287 · 18 U.S.C. § 3742
Relies on Cheek v. United States · United States v. Connell · United States v. Sloman · United States v. Sharpsteen
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 20 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“[t]he fact that the same offenses could have been committed by a person without the defendant's special training is immaterial; a section 3B1.3 adjustment is proper where the defendant's special skills increase his chances of succeeding or of avoiding detection.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“knowledge of the withholding process, including the roles of the claim and transmittal documents, and how and when to file them, exceeds the knowledge of the average person,”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority“a skill not possessed by members of the general public and usually requiring substantial education, training, or licensing,”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.