982 F.2d 378 - Brittingham v. United States — 982 F.2d 378

How this case has been cited

Cited by 56 later decisions (1 by the Supreme Court) — most recently July 2024 · most notably Rumsfeld Secretary of Defense v. Padilla et al. (2004), Ortiz-Sandoval v. Gomez (1996)

20 federal appellate · 12 district · 1 state decisions

Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.

¶1 *379Birney Bervar, Asst. Federal Public Defender, Honolulu, HI, for petitioner-appellant.

¶2Edward H. Kubo, Jr., Asst. U.S. Atty., Honolulu, HI, for respondent-appellee.

¶3Before: GOODWIN, O’SCANNLAIN, and RYMER, Circuit Judges.

¶5PER CURIAM.

¶6Brittingham appeals the district court’s dismissal of his petition for writ of habeas corpus. The court held that it lacked personal jurisdiction in this case. We affirm.

¶7For a court to hear a petition for writ of habeas corpus, it must have jurisdiction over the prisoner or his custodian. United States v. Giddings, 740 F.2d 770, 772 (9th Cir.1984). Brittingham contends that, for the purposes of his petition, the U.S. Marshal for the District of Hawaii was his custodian, and therefore the district court in Hawaii had jurisdiction. This novel argument is not based on the facts.

¶8The proper respondent in a federal habeas corpus petition is the petitioner’s “immediate custodian.” Demjanjuk v. Meese, 784 F.2d 1114, 1115 (D.C.Cir.1986) (Bork, J., in chambers). A custodian “is the person having a day-to-day control over the prisoner. That person is the only one who can produce 'the body’ of the petitioner.” Guerra v. Meese, 786 F.2d 414, 416 (D.C.Cir.1986) (Parole Commission is not custodian despite its power to release petitioner).

¶9At the time Brittingham filed his petition, he was in custody in Alameda County Jail, a California State facility used for the detention of federal prisoners until their assignment to a federal prison by the Bureau of Prisons (“BOP”). Brittingham’s custodian, within the meaning of the habeas corpus statute, was the warden of the facility where he was confined. Id.; Dunne v. Henman, 875 F.2d 244, 249 (9th Cir.1989) (warden is custodian for purposes of habeas corpus petition challenging execution of sentence).

¶10 *380The U.S. Marshal for the District of Hawaii had been responsible for transporting Brittingham to California. Whether the same marshal would later transfer the prisoner to the BOP for confinement pursuant to his sentence is a question not now before us. In any event, the U.S. Marshal did not have “day-to-day control” over Brittingham and, for the purposes of a habeas corpus petition, does not qualify as Brittingham’s custodian. See Rheuark v. Wade, 608 F.2d 304, 306 (8th Cir.1979) (U.S. Marshal, who transported petitioner from prison to appear as witness in civil case, not custodian).

¶11AFFIRMED.