Robidoux v. Celani’s Empirical Analysis
987 F.2d 931 · 1993
Citation profile
33 federal appellate · 65 district · 16 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 457 later decisions — most recently August 2024 · most notably Marisol v. Giuliani (1997), Caridad v. Metro-North Commuter Railroad (1999)
33 federal appellate · 65 district · 16 state decisions — followed in 10 states
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 42 U.S.C. § 1983 (Civil Rights Act of 1871 / Section 1983 (Ku Klux Klan Act))
Relies on Allen v. Wright · City of Los Angeles v. Lyons · Gerstein v. Pugh · Sosna v. Iowa · United States Parole Commission v. Geraghty
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 457 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“(1) the class is so numerous that joinder of all members is impracticable, (2) there are questions of law or fact common to the class, (3) the claims or defenses of the representative parties are typical of the claims or defenses of the class, and (4) the representative parties will fairly and adequately protect the interests of the class.”
25 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“each class member's claim arises from the same course of events and each class member makes similar legal arguments to prove the defendant's liability.”
12 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“A court is not bound by the class definition proposed in the complaint and should not dismiss the action simply because the complaint seeks to define the class too broadly.”
8 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.