989 F. Supp. 1262 - Cunningham v. Gates’s Empirical Analysis
1997
Citation profile
7
cited by 7 later decisions
June 2002
most recently cited
4 federal appellate ·
Relationships
Relies on Harlow v. Fitzgerald · Rizzo v. Goode · City of Los Angeles v. Heller · Sisson v. Ruby · United States v. Drabeck
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 7 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“[I]t consists of one simple rule, an officer does not provide adverse information against a fellow officer.”
3 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“It is settled law ... that if a group of officers agree that if and when some of them knowingly commit unlawful acts others will falsify records and testify falsely to cover up the truth of the relevant events, all those involved are liable for the unlawful acts. An official is liable in his individual capacity if he “set[ ] in motion a series of acts by others, or knowingly refused to terminate a series of acts by others, which he kn[e]w or reasonable should [have] know[n], would cause others to inflict constitutional injury....” Proof of plaintiffs’ allegations that the SIS officers engage in a continuing course of unconstitutional conduct whereby some commit excessive force with complete impunity and others assist by covering up those unconstitutional acts would constitute proof of violation of clearly established law.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“the power to appoint people who can change undesirable practices is not equal to the power to change those practices directly, and that only people who have the direct power to change those policies can be held liable.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.