Walsh v. Ward’s Empirical Analysis
991 F.2d 1344 · 1993
Citation profile
20 federal appellate · 2 district ·
How this case has been cited
Cited by 28 later decisions — most recently December 2019 · most notably Todd v. Societe Bic, S.A. (1994), Gustafson v. Jones (1997)
20 federal appellate · 2 district ·
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Harlow v. Fitzgerald · Anderson v. Creighton · Mitchell v. Forsyth · Pickering v. Board of Education of Township High School District 205 Will County Illinois · Perry v. Sindermann
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 28 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
““McGill recognized a proposition that cannot be denied:. an employer can penalize past speech and discourage future speech by assigning a worker to an undesirable job.... Supervisors control many sources of satisfactions, from the cleanliness of the workplace to the allocation of parking spaces. Rewards and penalties are most visible to judges when stated in monetary terms — say, supporters receive 20% more than critics — but incentives are no less effective when they are subtle. A campaign of petty harassment may achieve the same effect as an explicit punishment.””
3 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the concurrence
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.