Putnam v. State’s Empirical Analysis

Citation profile

26 state decisions

Most-quoted passages

The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 26 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.

1. “the credibility of the witnesses, weigh the evidence, and make the necessary inferences, deductions, and conclusions.”

   6 later decisions quote this exact passage
   e.g. State v. McAuliffe · Martindale v. State

2. “Even if a person cannot directly challenge the search of a vehicle because of a lack of standing, they may indirectly challenge the search if they can demonstrate that the fruits of the search are a consequence of an illegal seizure of their person. United States v. Jones, 44 F.3d 860, 872 (10th Cir.1995); United States v. McKneely, 6 F.3d 1447, 1450 (10th Cir.1998); 5 Wayne R. LaFave, Search and Seizure § 11.3(e), at 173-74 & fn. 231. This concept derives from the proposition that Fourth Amendment rights are personal in nature and, as such, one has the right to be free from unreasonable searches or seizures of their person. Id. $ 11.3(e), Rakas [v. Illinois], 439 U.S. [128] at 133-34, 99 S.Ct. [421] at 425 [ 58 L.Ed.2d 387 (1978)]. Thus, even without standing to directly contest the vehicle search, courts have suppressed evidence seized from a vehicle search as "fruit of the poisonous tree" if the detention or arrest of a person was unlawful. McKneely, 6 F.3d at 1450 . An investigatory or Terry stop represents a seizure which implicates the Fourth Amendment, requiring the presence of specific, articulable facts and rational inferences giving rise to a reasonable suspicion that a person has committed or may be committing a crime. Wilson v. State, 874 P.2d 215, 219-220 (Wyo.1994) (citing Terry v. Ohio, 392 U.S. 1 , 88 S.Ct. 1868 , 20 L.Ed.2d 889 (1968)); see also McChesney v. State, 988 P.2d 1071, 1074 (Wyo.1999). There is a dual inquiry for evaluating the reasonableness of an”

   3 later decisions quote this exact passage
   e.g. Dods v. State · Martindale v. State

3. “"The officer need not be absolutely certain that the individual is armed; the issue is whether a reasonably prudent man in the cireumstances would be warranted in the belief that his safety or that of others was in danger.... And in determining whether the officer acted reasonably in such circumstances, due weight must be given ... to the specific reasonable inferences which he is entitled to draw from the facts in light of his experience."”

   3 later decisions quote this exact passage
   e.g. Michael Wayne Sweets v. State · Fender v. State