Hall v. Lombardi’s Empirical Analysis
996 F.2d 954 · 1993
Citation profile
21 federal appellate · 1 district · 2 state decisions
Relationships
Applies 28 U.S.C. § 636 · 42 U.S.C. § 1983 (Civil Rights Act of 1871 / Section 1983 (Ku Klux Klan Act))
Relies on Harlow v. Fitzgerald · Anderson v. Creighton · Mitchell v. Forsyth · Hewitt v. Helms · Greenholtz v. Inmates of Nebraska Penal and Correctional Complex
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 42 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“For a right to be deemed clearly established, the 'contours of the right must be sufficiently clear that a reasonable official would understand that what he is doing violates that right.'”
4 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“[i]t is only necessary that the unlawfulness of the official's act [be] apparent in view of pre-existing law.”
3 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“since a reasonably competent public official should know the law governing his conduct.”
3 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.