Maxwell v. City of Indianapolis’s Empirical Analysis
998 F.2d 431 · 1993
Citation profile
39 federal appellate · 3 district · 3 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 93 later decisions — most recently August 2022 · most notably Wheeler v. Lawson (2008), Sornberger v. City of Knoxville (2006)
39 federal appellate · 3 district · 3 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 42 U.S.C. § 1983 (Civil Rights Act of 1871 / Section 1983 (Ku Klux Klan Act))
Relies on Anderson v. Liberty Lobby, Inc. · Terry v. Ohio · Harlow v. Fitzgerald · Illinois v. Gates · Mitchell v. Forsyth
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 93 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“[I]f the question of probable cause arises in a damages suit, it is a proper issue for the jury if there is room for a difference of opinion concerning the facts of the reasonable inferences to be drawn from them. Accordingly, a conclusion that probable cause existed as a matter of law is appropriate only when no reasonable jury could find that the officers did not have probable cause to arrest [the defendant].”
5 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the dissent“the facts and circumstances within their knowledge and of which they [have] reasonably trustworthy information [are] sufficient to warrant a prudent [person] in believing that the [suspect] had committed or was committing an offense.”
4 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the dissent“Accordingly, a conclusion that probable cause existed as a matter of law is appropriate only when no reasonable jury could find”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the dissent
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.