Philip Barton Key (April 12, 1757 – July 28, 1815), was an American Loyalist during the American Revolutionary War and later was a United States circuit judge and chief judge of the United States circuit court for the Fourth Circuit and a United States representative from Maryland.

Philip Barton Key
Born 1757 in near Charlestown, MD
Died 1815 in Georgetown, DC
FJC ID: 1273
- Gender
- Male
- Race
- White
Prior employment
- Private practice, Georgetown, D.C.1813–1815
- U.S. representative from Maryland1807–1813
- Private practice, Montgomery County, Maryland1802–1807

- Private practice, Annapolis, Maryland1790–1794, 1799–1800
- MarylandState delegate · 1794–1799
- Private practice, Leonardtown, Maryland1787–1790
- Fought with the British Army in the Revolutionary War1777–1781
Appointments
- U.S. Circuit Court for the Fourth Circuit1801–1802 · Appointed by John Adams (Federalist)Term ended: Abolition of Court

- U.S. Circuit Court for the Fourth Circuit1801–1801 · Appointed by John Adams (Federalist)Term ended: Appointment to Another Judicial Position
Education
- Read law1785
- Middle Temple, London, England1784