advocate

to urge or 'to plead in favor of; * * * to support, vindicate, or recommend publicly * * *'; '(2) the word 'teach' means 'to instruct * * * show how * * * to guide the studies of * * *'; 'The holding of a belief or opinion does not constitute advocacy or teaching.

An assistant; adviser; a pleader of causes. Derived from advocare, to summon to one's assistance. Advocatus originally signified an assistant or helper of any kind, even an accomplice in the commission of a crime. Cicero, pro Caecina, c. 8; Livy, lib. ii. 55; iii. 47; Tertullian de Idolatr. c. 23; Petron. Satyric, c. 25. Secondarily, it was applied to one called in to assist a party in the conduct of a suit. Inst. 1. 11; Dig. 50. 13. Hence, a pleader, which is its present signification. In Civil and Ecclesiastical Law. An officer of the court, learned in the law, who is engaged by a suitor to maintain or defend his cause. Advocates, like counsellors, have the exclusive privilege of addressing the court either orally or in written pleadings; and, in general, in regard to duties, liabilities, and privileges, the same rules apply mutatis mutandis to advocates as to counsellors. See "Counsellor." Lord advocate was an officer in Scotland appointed by the crown, during pleasure, to take care of the king's interest before the courts of session, judiciary, and exchequer. All actions that concern the king's interest, civil or criminal, must be carried on with concourse of the lord advocate. He also discharges the duties of public prosecutor, either in person or by one of his four deputies, who are called advocates depute. Indictments for crimes must be in his name as accuser. He supervises the proceedings in important criminal cases, and has the right to appear in all such cases. He is, in fact, secretary of state for Scotland, and the principal duties are connected directly with the administration of the government. Inferior courts have a procurator fiscal, who supplies before them the place of the lord advocate in criminal cases. See 2 Bankt. Inst. 492. College or faculty of advocates was a corporate body in Scotland, consisting of the members of the bar in Edinburgh. A large portion of its members are not active practitioners, however. 2 Bankt. Inst. 486. Church or ecclesiastical advocates were pleaders appointed by the church to maintain its rights. In Ecclesiastical Law. A patron of a living; one who has the advowson.

One who assists, defends or pleads for another; one who renders legal advice and aid and pleads the cause of another before a court. A person learned in the law, and duly admitted to practice, who assists his client with advice, and pleads for him In open court. Holthouse. The College or Faculty of Advocates is a corporate body in Scotland, consisting of the members of the bar In Edinburgh. A large portion of its members are not active practitioners, however. 2 Bankt. Inst. 486.

In the civil and ecclesiastical law. An officer of the court, learned in the law, who is engaged by a suitor to maintain or defend his cause.

— Advocate general. The adviser of the crown in England on questions of naval and military law.

— Advocate, lord. The principal crown lawyer in Scotland, and one of the great officers of state of Scotland. It is his duty to act as public prosecutor; but private individuals injured may prosecute upon obtaining his concurrence. He is assisted by a solicitor general and four junior counsel, termed "advo-cates-depute." He has the power of appearing is public prosecutor in any court in Scotland, where any person can be tried for an. offense, or in any action where the crown is interested. Wharton.

— Advocate, Queen's. A member of the College of Advocates, appointed by letters patent, whose office is to advise and act as counsel for the crown in questions of civil, canon, and international law. His rank is next after the solicitor general.

One who is called upon to assist or defend another; a defender, patron or protector; one called and privileged to give legal advice or assistance, particularly by way of argument of a cause in court.

One who assists, defends, or pleads for another; one who renders legal advice and aid and pleads the cause of another before a court. A person learned in the law, and duly admitted to practice, who assists his client with advice, and pleads for him in open court. Holthouse. The College or Faculty of Advocates is a corporate body in Scotland, consisting of the members of the barin Edinburgh. <A large portion of its members are not active practitioners, however. 2 Bankt. Inst. 486.

In the civil and ecclesiastical law. An officer of the court, learned in the law, who is engaged by a suitor to maintain or defend his cause.

See Judge-Advocate. An assistant; an associate in conducting a lawsuit. A person who makes a profession of presenting cases orally. "Of advocates, or (as we more generally call them) counsel, there are two species or degrees: barristers and sergeants." In the United States no distinction is made between an advocate and an attorney, q. v.

A person privileged to plead for another in court; a name for counsel in ecclesiastical or admiralty courts. Also, the patron of a living.

[Lat. advocatus, from advocare, to call to, or upon, to defends] One who is called upon to assist or defend another; a defender, patron, or protector; one called to give legal advice or assistance, particularly to plead (in the popular sense) another's cause in court. A person learned in the law, and duly admitted to practice, who assists his client with advice, and pleads for him in open court.* Holthouse. An advocate, in the civil and ecclesiastical courts, is the same as a counsellor, or counsel in the courts of common law. 3 Bl. Com. 25, 26. The term is more commonly used in the Scotch than in the English law. See Barrister, Counsel, Counsellor.

in the civil and ecclesiastical law. 1. An officer who maintains or defends the rights of his client in the same manner as the counsellor does in the common law.—Lord Advocate, an officer of state in Scotland, appointed by the king, to advise about the making and executing the law, to prosecute capital crimes, &c.—College or faculty of advocates, a college consisting of 180 persons appointed to plead in all actions before the lords of sessions. —Church or ecclesiastical advocates, pleaders appointed by the church to maintain its rights. —2. A patron who has the advowson or presentation to achurch. Techn.