Journal

A record of the proceedings of a legislative body. "Each House shall keep a Journal of its Proceedings, and from time to time publish the same, excepting such Parts as may in their Judgment require Secrecy; and the Yeas and Nays of the Members of either House on any question shall, on the Desire of one fifth of those Present, be entered on the Journal." ' The constitutions of the States contain similar provisions. The journal is a public record of which the courts may take judicial notice. If it appears that an act did not receive the requisite vote, or that it was unconstitutionally adopted, the court may adjudge it.void.^ No court has assumed to go beyond the proceedings of the legislature, as recorded in its journals, on the question whether a law has been adopted. Many cases follow The King -7. Arundel, Hobart, *109 (1617), adoptihg the attested enrollment as conclusive on the question of passage. But in many States, Ohid among them, the journals, which are required to be kept by the constitution, are regarded. In the time of Hobart the journals were not records, but " remembrances for forms of proceedings to the record " — the enrolled bill.'

See Entry, II, 6; Teas amd Nays.