Sci. fa

See Scire, Facias.

SCIETfCE.

In its broadest sense, knowledge; the knowledge of many, methodically digested and arranged, so as to be attainable by many; a body of principles and deductions to explain the natui-e of some matter.5 Depends upon abstract or speculative principles. *■ Art " relates to practice or performance — is practical skill as directed by theory or science; the mere application of knowledge. Eifle-shooting is not a *' science."^ "The Congress shall have Power.. to promote the Progress of Science and useful Arts, by securing.. to Authors and Inventors, the exclusive Eight to their Writings and Discoveries." " 1 Dawson v. Lee, 83 Ky. 56 (1885).

2 Kelly V. Pittsburgh, 104 U. S. 82 (188]), Miller, J. 3 Cooper V. Eoberts, 18 How. 177-83 (1855); Sherman V. Beuick, 93 U. S. 209 (1876). 4 23 Cent. Law J. 326-28 (1887), cases; 54 Ga. 281; 79 111. 567; 87 id. 303; 45 Iowa, 248; 50 id. 145; 4 Gray, 36; 12 Allen, 127; 68 N. C. 322; 5 Clark (Pa.), 78; 43 Tex. 167;' 35 Wis. 59.

5 Vredenburg v. Behan, 33 La. An. 637,(1'881), Todd, The term, " science "cannot, with propriety, be applied to a work of so fluctuating and fugitive a form as that of a newspaper or price-current, the subjectmatter of "^hich is daily changing, and is of mere temporary use. Prices -current, catalogues of merchandise, a scoring-sheet for games, a chart of patterns for dresses, blank accpunt-books, and the like, are not subjects of the copyright laws passed in execution of the foregoing power. ' } Scientific "works. A medical expert may cite standard authorities as sustaining his views, and then they may be used by the opposite side to discredit him; but they may not be read as evidence or argument.'^ The reasons for admitting scientific works to prove the statements they contain are, the authors did not write under oath, and their grounds of belief and process of reasoning cannot be tested by cross-examination. But an expert's opinion, formed in part from reading treatises by persons of acknowledged ability, may be given in evidence; and he may refresh his own recollection by reference to such authorities.^ See further Book; Expert.