Civil

Pertaining to the citizen (Lat. civis) — the free inhabitant of an independent city, in distinction from the government, the soldier, the peasant, the ecclesiastic, and persons of other classes.'

1.

Contrasted with barbarous or savage, natural or uncivilized, denotes a state of society reduced to order and regular government: as in speaking of civil — liberty, government, rights, society, qq. v. 2. Originating or existing among, pertaining to, or affecting, fellow-citizens of the > 1 Bl. Com. 114. ' Van Blper v. Parsons, 40 N. J. L. 4 (18IS). s Peoples.

Stephens, 62 Cal. 236 (1882): Gal. Const,, Art. X, sec. 19. 4 New Orleans v. Clark, 05 U. S. 654 (1877), Field, J. 'See Kilgore r. Magee, 85 Pa. 411 (1877); 77 id. 346; 88 id. 268; 96 id. 422; 108 id. 377; 15 W. N. C. 209; 32 Kan. 431; 82 Mo. 388. ' State ex rel. Attorney-General v. Hudson, 44 Ohio St. 139 (1886), cases; Heck v. State, ib. 539 (1886). ' People V. Kelly, 76 N. Y. 487 (1879).

8 A "civil " man once was one who fulfilled all the duties flowing from his position as a civia, and his relations to the other members of the civitaa to which he belonged, and " civility " was the condition in same state or nation, and opposed io foreign: as, a civil — commotion, rebellion, war, q. v. 3. Accorded by just and equal laws; as opposed to political or that which is actually or practically enjoyed under law: as, again, civil — rights or liberty, qq. v. 4. Existing in contemplation of law; attributable under municipal law; and contrasted with natural: as, civil — life, death, disability, qq. v. 5. Concerning the rights of and wrongs to individuals considered as private persons, in contradistinction to criminal or that which concerns the whole political society, the community, state, government: as, civil — action, case, cause, code, court, damage, injury, jurisdiction, law, obligation or responsibility, proceeding, procedure, process, remedy, report, side, qq. v. 6. Pertaining to the administration of government, and contrasted with military and ecclesiastical: as, civil — office, officer, tenure, qq. V. " Civil " is used, in contradistinction to " barbarous " or " savage," to indicate a state of society reduced to order and regular government; to "criminal," to indicate the private rights and remedies of men as members of the community, in contrast to those which are pubhc, and relate to the government; to "military" and "ecclesiastical;" to "natural " or "foreign." In the Constitution, seems to be contradistinguished from '* military," to indicate the rights and duties relating ■ to citizens generally, as distinct from those of persons engaged in the land and naval service of the government. ^ Civiliter mortuus. Civilly dead.

See Civil, 4.