Vessel

8 In the Revised Statutes and acts and resolutions of Congress, includes every description of water-craft or other artificial contrivance used, or capable of being used, as a means of transportation on water. 9 Vessel has been used in contradistinction to an -"open boat," which is an open vessel without decks, 'Missouri Pacific E. Co. v. Peregoy, 36 Kan. 431 (1887); Potter v. Chicago, &c.

R. Co., 82 Wis. 589 (1868).

On amending verdicts, see 20 Cent. Law J. 145-50 (1885), cases; as to form and substance, 82 id.

Iffl (1886), cases. ^ L. verus, true; facere^ to make. > De Witt V. Hosmer, 3 How. Pr. 284 (1848). < Ashley ti. Wright, 19 Ohio St. 295-96 (1869). 3 Smith V. Butler, 26 N. H. 523 (1852). ' See Bowen v. Sewing Machine Co., 86 111. 12 (1887). ' Bridgman v. Fitzgerald, 43 L. T. 409 (1880).

8F. vaissel, ii ship: L. vascellum, a small receptacle. and it rarely designates any water-craft without a deck; but "boat" is constantly used for such small vehicles of this nature as are used without a deck.' Includes a steam canal-boat, = and a steam-dredge.' May include any structure made to float upon the water, for purposes of commerce or war, whether impelled by wind, steam, or oars.' Yet a raft is not a vessel.* Poreign vessel. Hay sometimes be applied to any vessel not registered or licensed, in reference to the privileges derived from the revenue system, but, in a variety of instances, designates a vessel navigating under the flag and with the papers of a foreign sovereign. 6 A vessel is to be registered at the home-port, which is the port nearest the owner's residence.'' Merchant vessel. Rev. St. § 4270, which provides that the penalties imposed by foregoing provisions regulating the carriage of passengers in merchant vessels shall be liens upon the vessels, applies to those sections which declare a "fine " for the violation of its provisions, as well as to those which declare a penalty eo nomine; and a fine incurred by a violation of § 4253, which prohibits carrying more passengers than are allowed by % 4252, is therefore a lien upon the vessel. Under § 4270, the lien for carrying passengers in excess of the limit prescribed, cannot exceed the amount of the fine imposed upon the master, under criminal prosecution. ^ Public vessel. A vessel belonging to a nation or government, as such, and a part of her sovereignty. The liability o^ such a vessel for damages from a collision is merged into the liability of the sovereign. Redress is to come from the sovereign public faith, not through a court of admiralty.* See generally Ship, 2.