boundary

It appears to us plain on the face of the agreement that the dominant fact is the establishment of the boundary line. The boundary line is the line of sovereignty, and the establishment of it is not satisfied, but is contradicted, by the suggestion that the agreement simply gives the ownership of the land under water on the New Jersey side to that state as a private owner of land lying within the state of New York. ... We repeat that boundary means sovereignty, since, in modern times, sovereignty is mainly territorial, unless a different meaning clearly appears.

Any separation, natural or artificial, which marks the confines or line of two contiguous estates. Hunt, Boundaries. The term is applied to include the objects placed or existing at the angles of the bounding lines, as well as those which extend along the lines of separation. A natural boundary is a natural object remaining where it was placed by nature. An artificial boundary is one erected by man.

Any separation, natural or artificial, which marks the confines or line of two contiguous estates. 3 Toullier, n. 171. The term Is applied to Include the objects placed or existing at the angles of the bounding lines, as well as those which extend along the lines of separation. A natural boundary is a natural object remaining where it was placed by nature. A river or stream is a natural boundary, and the centre line of the stream is the line; Jackson v. Louw, 12 Johns. (N. Y.) 252; People v. Seymour, 6 Cow. (N. Y.) 579; Haye's Ex'r v. Bowman, 1 Rand. (Va.) 417; Arnold v. Mundy, 6 N. J. L. 1, 10 Am. Dec. 356; Dunlap v. Stetson, 4 Mas. 349, Fed. Cas. No. 4,164; State v. Town of Gilman.ton, 9 N. H. 461; 1 Tayl. 136; Morgan v. Reading, 3 Smedes & M. (Miss.) 366; Browne v. Kennedy, 5 Harr. & J. (Md.) 195, 9 Am.N Dec. 503; Hammond v. Ridgely's Lessee, 5 Harr. & J. (Md.) 245, 9 Am. Dec. 522; Mac Donald v. Morrill, 154 Mass. 270, 28 N. E. 259. Where a natural pond is the boundary, the line is tiie natural shore; but where an artificial pond, the thread of the stream; Waterman v. Johnson, 13 Pick. (Mass.) 261; State v. Town of Gilmanton, 9 N. H. 461; Mansur v. Blake, 62 Me. 38; Kirkpatrick v. Ice Co., 45 Mo. App. 335; Gouverneur v. Ice Co., 134 N. Y. 355, 31 N. E. 865, 18

By boundary is understood, in general, every separation, natural or artificlal, which marks the confines or line of division of two contiguous estates. Trees or hedges may be planted, ditches may be dng, walls or inclosures may be erected, to serve as boundaries. But we most usually understand by boundaries stones or pieces of wood inserted in the earth on the confines of the two estates. Civ. Code La. art. 826. Boundaries are either natural or artificial. Of the former kind are water-courses, growing trees, beds of rock, and the like. Artificial boundaries are landmarks or signs erected by the hand of man, as a pole, stake, pile of stones, etc.

— Natural boundary. Any formation or product of nature (as opposed to structures or erecdons made by man) which may serve to define and fix one or more of the lines inclosing an estate or piece of property, such as a watercourse, a line of growing trees, a bluff or mountain chain, or the like. See Peuker v. Canter, 62 Kan. 363, 63 Pac. 617; Stapleford v. Brinson, 24 N. C. 311; Eureka Mining, etc., Co., v. Way, 11 Nev. 171.

— Private boundary. An artificial boundary, consisting of some monument or landmark set up by the hand of man to mark the baginning or direction of a boundary line of lands.

— Public boundary. A natural boundary; a natural object or landmark used as a boundary of a tract of land, or as a beginning point for a boundary line.

A line or an object indicating the limit of a tract of land, an estate, or a state, country or territory; a line, or connected series of lines going around a tract of land, etc., and inclosing it on all sides. A boundary may be marked by natural objects, or by artificial objects, or by an imaginary line drawn from one such object to another, or by these things in any combination. Artificial boundary: an object erected by man, to designate a limit, as a wall, fence or post. Natural boundary: a natural object, left where nature placed it, as a lake, or stream, or tree.

By boundary is understood, in general, every separation, natural or artificial, which marks the contines or line of division of two contizuous estates. ‘Trees or hedges may be planted, ditches may be dug, walls or inclosures may be erected, to serve us boundaries. But we most usually understand by boundaries slones or pieces of wood inserted in the earth on the confines of the two estates. Civil Code La. art, 826. Boundaries are either natural or artificial. Of the former kind are water-courses, growing trees, beds of rock, and the like. Artificial boundaries are landmarks or signs erected by the hand of man, as a pole, stake, pile of stones, ete.