affirmative willful attempt
Definitions from Case Law · United States Supreme Court
Definitions from Case Law
From 317 U.S. 492 - Spies v. United States · 1943Most cited · 3,777 citing opinions
tax evasion
By way of illustration, and not by way of limitation, we would think affirmative willful attempt may be inferred from conduct such as keeping a double set of books, making false entries of alterations, or false invoices or documents, destruction of books or records, concealment of assets or covering up sources of income, handling of one's affairs to avoid making the records usual in transactions of the kind, and any conduct, the likely effect of which would be to mislead or to conceal.
How often courts cite the case defining “affirmative willful attempt”
Court decisions citing the opinion that defined “affirmative willful attempt” — 3,768 in all, by decade. Counts are citations to the defining case as a whole, not verified uses of the term. The dip in the most recent years is a data-coverage gap, not a real trend — our corpus holds fewer opinions from the latest years.