less intrusive
Definitions from Case Law · United States Supreme Court
Definitions from Case Law
From 470 U.S. 675 - United States v. Sharpe · 1985Most cited · 5,022 citing opinions
does not, itself, render the search unreasonable." "Cady v. Dombrowski," 413 U.S.
433 , 447, 93 S.Ct.
2523, 2531, 37 L.Ed.2d 706 (1973); see also "United States v. Martinez-Fuerte," 428 U.S.
543 , 557, n. 12, 96 S.Ct. 3074, 3082, n. 12, 49 L.Ed.2d 1116 (1976).
How the Supreme Court has restated “less intrusive”
Each Supreme Court definition of “less intrusive,” sized by how often later courts cited it. “Change” is measured by wording overlap with earlier definitions — a rough signal, not a semantic judgment.
How often courts cite the cases defining “less intrusive”
Court decisions citing the 7 opinions that defined “less intrusive” — 20,000 in all, by decade. Counts are citations to the defining cases as a whole, not verified uses of the term. The dip in the most recent years is a data-coverage gap, not a real trend — our corpus holds fewer opinions from the latest years.
All 7 definitions, chronological · 1973–1996
- ORIGINAL
does not, by itself, render the search unreasonable.
does not, by itself, render the search unreasonable." "Id.," at 447, 93 S.Ct., at 2531.
does not, in itself, render the search unreasonable." "Id.," at 687, 105 S.Ct., at 1576, citing "Cady v. Dombrowski," 413 U.S. 433 , 447, 93 S.Ct. 2523, 2531, 37 L.Ed.2d 706 (1973).
." "Lafayette," 462 U.S., at 647, 103 S.Ct., at 2610 (emphasis in original).
." "Illinois v. Lafayette," 462 U.S. 640 , 647, 103 S.Ct. 2605, 2610, 77 L.Ed.2d 65 (1983).
of preventing fraud in charitable solicitation are "the penal laws [that can be] used to punish such conduct directly" and "disclosure of the finances of charitable organizations").