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Persons appointed by the courts to see and examine certain matters, and make a report of the facts, together with their opinion, to the court. In practice, they are usually appointed to lay out roads, and the like. VIGILANTIBUS ET NON DORMIENTIbus jura subserviunt. The laws serve the vigilant, not those who sleep.

2 Bouv. Inst, note 2327. See "Laches;" Broom, Leg. Max. (3d London Ed.) 799.

VIGORE CUJUS (Law Lat.) By force whereof.

1 Ld. Rayrn. 412.

VMS ET MODIS (Lat.) In the ecclesiastical_courts, service of a decree or citation viis et modis, i. e., by all "ways and means" likely to affect the party with knowledge of its contents, is equivalent to substituted service in the temporal courts, and is opposed to personal service.

Phillim. Ecc. Law, 1258, 1283.