employer
Defined in 5 dictionaries — Case Law, U.S. Code, Black's (1910), Black's (1891), Bouvier (1839)
Definitions from Case Law
From 337 U.S. 783 - Cosmopolitan Shipping Co. v. McAllister · 1949Most cited · 870 citing opinions
the solution of the problem of determining the employer under such a contract depends upon determining whose enterprise the operation of the vessel was. Such words as employer, agent, independent contractor are not decisive. No single phrase can be said to determine the employer. One must look at the venture as a whole. Whose orders controlled the master and the crew? Whose money paid their wages? Who hired the crew? Whose initiative and judgment chose the route and the ports?
United States Code
8 U.S.C. § 1288 — in this section
the term “employer” includes any agent or representative designated by the employer; and
10 U.S.C. § 1097C — in this section
The term “employer” includes a State or unit of local government.
15 U.S.C. § 7a-3 — in this section
The term "employer" means a person, or any officer, employee, contractor, subcontractor, or agent of such person.
15 U.S.C. § 9131 — in this part (2 versions over time)
The term “employer” means an aviation manufacturing company that is an employer (as defined in section 203 of title 29).
26 U.S.C. § 3231 — for purposes of this chapter (2 versions over time)
For purposes of this chapter, the term “employer” means any carrier (as defined in subsection (g)), and any company which is directly or indirectly owned or controlled by one or more such carriers or under common control therewith, and which operates any equipment or facility or performs any service (except trucking service, casual service, and the casual operation of equipment or facilities) in connection with the transportation of passengers or property by railroad, or the receipt, delivery, elevation, transfer in transit, refrigeration or icing, storage, or handling of property transported by railroad, and any receiver, trustee, or other individual or body, judicial or otherwise, when in the possession of the property or operating all or any part of the business of any such employer; except that the term “employer” shall not include any street, interurban, or suburban electric railway, unless such railway is operating as a part of a general steam-railroad system of transportation, but shall not exclude any part of the general steam-railroad system of transportation now or hereafter operated by any other motive power. The Surface Transportation Board is hereby authorized and directed upon request of the Secretary, or upon complaint of any party interested, to determine after hearing whether any line operated by electric power falls within the terms of this exception. The term “employer” shall also include railroad associations, traffic associations, tariff bureaus, demurrage bureaus, weighing and inspection bureaus, collection agencies and other associations, bureaus, agencies, or organizations controlled and maintained wholly or principally by two or more employers as hereinbefore defined and engaged in the performance of services in connection with or incidental to railroad transportation; and railway labor organizations, national in scope, which have been or may be organized in accordance with the provisions of the Railway Labor Act, as amended (45 U.S.C., chapter 8), and their State and National legislative committees and their general committees and their insurance departments and their local lodges and divisions, established pursuant to the constitutions and bylaws of such organizations. The term “employer” shall not include any company by reason of its being engaged in the mining of coal, the supplying of coal to an employer where delivery is not beyond the mine tipple, and the operation of equipment or facilities therefor, or in any of such activities.
26 U.S.C. § 3231 — for purposes of this chapter
the terms “employer”, “services”, and “compensation” shall have the meanings given such terms by this section.
26 U.S.C. § 3306 — for purposes of this chapter (12 versions over time)
The term “employer” means, with respect to any calendar year, any person who—
(A) during any calendar quarter in the calendar year or the preceding calendar year paid wages of $1,500 or more, or
(B) on each of some 20 days during the calendar year or during the preceding calendar year, each day being in a different calendar week, employed at least one individual in employment for some portion of the day.
26 U.S.C. § 3306 — for purposes of this chapter
In the case of agricultural labor, the term “employer” means, with respect to any calendar year, any person who—
(A) during any calendar quarter in the calendar year or the preceding calendar year paid wages of $20,000 or more for agricultural labor, or
(B) on each of some 20 days during the calendar year or during the preceding calendar year, each day being in a different calendar week, employed at least 10 individuals in employment in agricultural labor for some portion of the day.
Black's Law Dictionary
Henry Campbell Black, M.A. · 1910
One who employs the services of others; onq for whom employees work and who pays their wages or salaries.
— Employers' liability acts. Statutes defining or limiting the occasions and the extent to which employers shall be liable in damages for injuries to their employees occurring in the course of the employment, and particularly (in recent times) abolishing the common-law rule that the employer is not liable if the injury is caused by the fault or negligence of a fellow-servant.
A Dictionary of Law
Henry Campbell Black · 1891
This word “is from the Freneh, but has become somewhat naturalized in our language. Strictly and etymologically, it means ‘i person employed,’ buf, 1. practice in the French language, it ordiharily is used to signify a person in some official employment, and as generally used with us, though perhaps not confined to any official employment, it is understood to mean some permanent employment or position,” 2 Lans. 458. See, also, 75 N. Y. 41; 111 Ind. 324, 12 N. E. Rep. 501. The word is more extensive than “clerk” or “officer.” It signifies any one in place, or having charge or using a function, as well as one in ollice, 3 Ct. Cl. 260.
A Law Dictionary, Adapted to the Constitution and Laws of the United States
John Bouvier · 1839
in contracts, is he who hires another to perform labour or services for him. As to his duties towards those whom he has hired, see Story on Bailm. § 425.