Hawker

An itinerant or traveling trader, who carries small commodities about on his back or in a cart or wagon in order to sell them, and who actually sells them to purchasers, 132 III. 383, in contradistinction to' a trader who has goods for sale, and sells them in a fixed place of business. Superadded to this, though perhaps not essential, is generally understood one who not only carries goods for sale, but seeks for purchasers, either by outcry, which some lexicographers conceive as intimated by the derivation of the word, or by attracting notice and attention to them, as goods for sale, by an actual exhibition or exposure of them by placards or labels, or by a conventional signal, like the sound of a horn for the sale of fish. 12 Cush. (Mass.) 495.

An itinerant or travelling trader, who carries goods about in order to sell them, and who actually sells them to purchasers, in contradistinction to a trader who has goods for sale and sells them in a fixed place of business. Superadded to this, though perhaps not essential, is generally understood one who not only carries goods for sale, but seeks for purchasers, either by outcry, which some lexicographers conceive as intimated by the derivation of the word, or by attracting notice and attention to them, as goods for sale, by an actual exhibition or exposure of them by placards or labels, or by a conventional signal, like the sound of a horn for the sale of fish; Com. v. Ober, 12 Cush. (Mass.) 495. To prevent imposition, hawkers are generally required to take out licenses, under regulations established by the local laws of the states. See City of Duluth v. Krupp, 46 Minn. 435, 49 N. W. 235; and these laws have generally been held to be constitutional; Borough of Warren v. Geer, 117 Pa. 207, 11 Atl. 416; Seymour v. State, 51 Ala. 52; City of Huntington v. Cheesbro, 57 Ind. 74; Peddlers. One who goes about a village carrying samples and taking orders. It is termed Hawking. See Graffty v. City of Rushville, 107 Ind. 502, 8 N. E. 609, 57 Am. Rep. 128. HAYBOTE (from haye, hedge, and bote, compensation). Hedgebote: one of the estovers allowed a tenant for life or for years; namely, material to repair hedges or fences, or to make necessary farming utensils. 2 Bla. Com. 35; 1 Washb. R. P. 99. HAYWARD (from haye, hedge, and ward, keeping). In Old English Law. An officer appointed in the lord's court to keep a common herd of cattle of a town: so called because he was to see that they did not break or injure the hedges of inclosed grounds. His duty was also to impound trespassing cattle, and to guard against pound-breaches. Kitch. 46; Cowell.

A person who carries goods about from place to place for sale.

A trader who goes from place to place, or along the streets of a town, selling the goods which he carries with him. It is perhaps not essential to the idea, but is generally understood from the word, that a hawker is to be one who not only carries goods for sale, but seeks for purchasers, either by outcry, which some lexicographers conceive as intimated by the derivation of the word, or by attracting notice and attention to them, as goods for sale, by an actual exhibition or exposure of them, by placards or labels, or by a conventional signal, like the sound of a horn for the sale of fish. 12 Cush. 458.

The primary idea of a "hawker and peddler" is that of an itinerant or traveling trader, who carries goods about for sale, and actually sells them, in contradistinction to a trader who sells goods in a fixed place of business. Superadded to this (though perhaps not essential), by a "hawker" is generally understood one who not only carries goods for sale, but who seeks for purchasers, either by outcry or by attracting attention to them, as goods for sale, by an actual exhibition or exposure of them, by placards or labels, or by a conventional signal, like the sound of a horn for the sale of fish.* A "hawker and peddler" is an itinerant trader, who goes from place to place, or from house to house, carrying for sale and exposing to sale the goods, wares or merchandise which he carries." He generally deals in small and cheap articles, such as he can conveniently cany in a cart or on his person. He may be required to take out a license.* Hawking. Embraces the business of one who sells, or offers goods for sale, on the streets by outcry, or by attracting the attention of persons by exposing his goods in a public place, or by placards, labels, or signals.'' ' SUliman v. United States, 101 U. S. 471 (1879); Stewart V. Piatt, ib. rm (1879); 3 How. 61; 21 WaU. 178; 103 111. 221. ' » Wendall u. Osborne, 63 Iowa, 102, 103 (1884), Beck, J. * Jamaica Pond Aqueduct Corporation v. Chandler, 9 Allen, 168 (1864), Bigelow, C. J. * [Commonwealth v. Ober, 12 Cush. 495 (1853), Shaw, Chief Justice. " Commonwealth v. Parnum, 114 Mass. 270 (1873), En-