Materia

Lat.

In the civil law. Materials; as distinguished from species, or the form given by labor and skill. Dig. 41, 1, 7, 7-12; Fleta, lib. 3, c. 2, § 14. Materials (wood) for building, as distinguished from "lignum." Dig. 32, 55, pr.

In English law. Matter; substance; subject-matter. 3 Bl. Comm. 322.

I. I. Matter; substance; subject-matter, y. In pari.

Lat.

In the civil law. Matcrials; as distinguished from speeées, or the form given by labor and skill. Dig. 41, er tact 1): ey P vette; Urea Conds 2 @ ble 1: ee ltd oo eee eo BEES TROND a ROS ahe mee Saws PEs In English Pla Matter; substance; subject-matter. 3 11. Comm. $22,

Substance: matter, subject, subject-matter. In, pari materia. Upon like (equal) matter; in regard tp the same matter. Waite, C. J. See also Hatch v. Indianapolis, &c. E. Co., 11 Biss. 138 (1882). 1 Felch V. Hooper, 4 Cliff. 494 (1878). = Harding v. Handy, 11 Wheat. 126 (1826). ' Steam Stone Cutter Co. v. Windsor Manuf Co., 17 Blatch. 24 (1879); Kisor's Appeal, 62 Pa. 435 (1869). * Phillips's Appeal, 68 Pa. 137 (1871), Agnew, J.;. SprouU's Appeal, 71 id. 137 (1872); Clai-k's Appeal, 62 id. 461 (1869);, Tilghman v. Proctor, 125 U. S. 149 (1888). ' Middleton v. Bankers' & Merchants' Tel. Co., 82 F. Statutes in pari materia are to be construed together. Such statutes relate to the same person or thing or the same classes. They are usually general laws made at different times, in reference to the same subject.' The rule does not apply where the language of an act is free from uncertainty.^ The rule applies to a section of a statute construed with reference to prior statutes; " to sections of a revised code; ^ and to constitutional provisions having a common purpose.* The legislature is presumed to have had former statutes before it, and to have been acquainted with their judicial construction.^ Where divers statutes relate to the same thing, all are to be considered, in construing any one of them.*