Ordinary's Courts

83. The Court of held in the church of St. Mary-le-Bow 1.), by the Dean of the Arches, later now in Westminster Hall, was the of the Archbishop of Canterbury, with ecclesiastical courts in his province, and by means of letters of request. The similar, but of inferior jurisdiction. An Pope; afterwards to the Court of Judicial Committee of the Privy Council. is a branch of the Court of Arches, all those parishes of the province of exempt from the ordinary's jurisdiction metropolitan only. An appeal hes to the The Prerogative Courts were courts York and Canterbury before a judge which had jurisdiction over testadecedent left bona noiabilia, goods to distinct parishes. This jurisdiction is 79. 86. The Court of Faculties, the archbishop, grants various licenses, monuments, burial, etc. 87. The Court under Henry VIII., and was the Appeal in ecclesiastical and admiralty Judicial Committee of the Privy Coun- Court of Delegates was sometimes reof Review. 89. The Judi- Privy Council has now practically appeal, even in ecclesiastical matters; transferred to the High Court of Appeal; 90. The High Court of Adpresided over by his deputy, the Judge of Admiralty, and held in Doctors' Commons. It was a court not of record, having civil and criminal jurisdiction over maritime affairs. The criminal jurisdiction was conferred upon the Central Criminal Court, upon its establishment. The civil jurisdiction is twofold; and there are two courts, the (91.) Instance Court, for ordinary marine contracts, and the (92.) Prize Court. The Court of Admiralty now forms part of one division of the High Court of Justice; and the Instance Court has jurisdiction of assaults, batteries, collisions, restitution of ships, piratical or illegal takings, at sea; and of contracts between part owners of ships, seamen's wages, pilotage, bottomry bonds, salvage, tonnage, ship provisions, and mortgages. The county courts have also some admiralty jurisdiction. H. Military Courts. 93. Courts-martial. The earliest was the Court of Chivalry, an ancient court not of record, held before the Lord High Constable or Earl Marshal of England, touching contracts or deeds of war and arms, both without and within the realm, coats of arms, precedency, etc.; its jurisdiction being criminal as well as civil, but of vague and iudefinite extent. It became obsolete in the eighteenth century. The modern Courts-martial date from the Revolution. They are naval or military, and from their judgment there is no appeal. They have jurisdiction of offences against the mutiny act and the articles o£ war. n. Scotch Courts. 94. The Court of Session is the supreme civil court of Scotland. There are two divisions; the first presided over by the Lord-President, the second by the Lord Justice-