Pater

Lat. A father; the father. In the civil law, this word sometimes included avus, (grandfather.) Dig. 50, 16, 201.

— Pater patriae. Father of the country. See Parens Patriæ.

I.

In the civil law. A father; the father. Pater est qnem nnptiee demonstrant: he is the father whom the nuptials point out, or whom marriage indicates. Pater patria;; father of the realm.

In the Roman law. Paterfamilias: a father or master of a family; the head of a family, whether father or not

Father. Compare Partus. Has been used in genealogical tables. Pater est (iuem nuptise demonstrant. The nuptials show who is the father. The marriage of the mother declares the paternity of the child. At common law, the nuptials must precede the birth of the child; in the civil law, they may precede or follow.* 1 R. S. §§ 476, et seq. * Act 18 Feb. 1888 (25 St. L. 40), amending R. S. §48a3. s Butterworth v. Hoe, 112 U. S. 50 (1884), Matthews, J. * See Curtis, Pat. 183; 20 Am. Law Rev. 703-12 (1886), cases; 1 Story, 273; 3 id. 542, 609; 2 Blateh. 148; 7 id. 195. Paterfamilias. The father (head) of a family; one not subject to paternal power, but sui Juris. In the Roman law, a paterfamilias was one who either had no father living or had been emancipated from his power. A man who had neither wife nor cl^ld was in this position or status. But a man with a wife and child was a, filiusfamilias, if subject to the family control of a living father — the patria potestas,^ q. v. Pater patriae. Father of the country. See Parens.

I. Father. Pater-familias: est queni nuptise demonstrant marriage indicates. Pater patriae: Parens. Paterna paternis: on the father's side; v. Materna.

Father. The initial word of several Latin maxims and phrases, viz.; Pater est quern nnptise demonstrant. He is the father whom the marriage indicates as such. This rule is applied in the civil law to children born before the marriage; but, in the common law, it is limited to children mate children of the husband and wife. The presumption may, however, be rebutted. The marriage of the parties is the criterion adopted by the law, in cases of ante-nuptial generation, for ascertaining the actual parentage of the child. If a man marries a woman who is with child, the English law presumes that he is the father of such child. Rex v. Luffe, 8 East, 193. Paterfamilias. The father of a family. In Roman law, the head or master of a family, whether actually a father or not. As to the authority of the paterfamilias, see Patria Potes-