quarantine

In Maritime Law. The space of forty days, or less, during which the crew of a ship or vessel coming from a port or place infected or supposed to be infected with disease are required to remain on board after their arrival, before they can he permitted to land. It was probably established by the Venetians in 1484. Baker, Quar. 3. In England it is governed by G George IV. c. 78, and the Public Health Act of 1875. Ships of war are bound, equally with merchant ships, to respect municipal quarantine regulations. By act of congress of April 20, 1878, ch. 66, vessels from foreign ports where contagious and other diseases exist, are forbidden to enter the United States, excepting subject to certain regulations prescribed. The object of the quarantine is to ascertain whether the crew are infected or not. To break the quarantine without legal authority is a misdemeanor; 1 Russ. Cr. 133. Quarantine regulations made by the states are sustainable as the exercise of the police power; Hannibal & St. J. R. Co. v. Husen, 05 U. S. 465, 24 L. Ed. 527; Minneapolis, St. P. & S. S. M. R. Co. v. Milner, 57 Fed. 276. The detention and disinfection of immigrants by order of a state board of health, with the purpose of preventing infectious disease, is not a regulation of foreign commerce by a state, within the meaning of the constitution; Minneapolis, St. P. & S. S. M. R. Co. v. Milner, 57 Fed. 276. In cases of insurance of ships, the insurer is responsible when the insurance extends to her being moored in port twenty-four hours in safety, if before the twenty-four hours are expired she is ordered to perform quarantine, and any accident contemplated by the policy occur; 1 Marsh. Ins. 264. Where a ship was prevented from complying with her charter party by quarantine regulations, it was held that this was “restraint of princes or rulers and people”; The Progreso, 3 U. S. App. 147, 50 Fed. 835, 2 C. C. A. 45; Clyde C. S. S. Co. v. S. S. Co., 169 Fed. 275, 94 C. C. A. 551. Lay days do not begin to run until a ship is out of quarantine; Maclachlan, Merch. Shipxdng 598. An act of congress of February 2, 1903, authorizes the secretary of agriculture to establish regulations concerning the exportation and transportation of live stock from any place in the United States where he may have reason to believe that pleuropneumonia or other contagious diseases exist, into and through ony state, etc., and to foreign countries, which regulations have the force of laws; also, regulations to prevent the introduction or dissemination of any contagious, infectious or communicable disease of animals from a foreign country into the United fected hay, straw, etc., or meats, hides, or other products. Tne act of congress of Feb. 15, 1893, granting additional quarantine powers and imposing additional duties upon the marine hospital service, did not contemplate the overthrow of the existing state quarantine systems and the abrogation of the power over the subject of health and quarantine practised by the states, because the enactment of state laws on those subjects would, in particular instances, affect interstate and foreign commerce; Compagnie Francaise de Navigation & Vapeur v. Board of Health, 186 U. S. 380, 22 Sup. Ct. 811, 46 L. Ed. 1209. An unconstitutional burden on interstate commerce is not imposed by an act (Colorado) prohibiting the importation of cattle from certain sections between April 1 and November 1, unless first kept for ninety days at some place near the prohibited section, or unless a certificate of freedom from contagious disease has been obtained from the state veterinary sanitary board; Reid v. Colorado, 187 U. S. 137, 23 Sup. Ct. 92, 47 L. Ed. 108; nor an act giving the live stock sanitary commission authority to prohibit the importation of cattle into the state on the ground that infectious disease had broken out among the cattle of such other state; Smith v. R. Co., 181 U. S. 248, 21 Sup. Ct. 603, 45 L. Ed. 847; an act authorizing the governor of a state, when he has reason to believe there is an epidemic infectious disease of sheep in localities outside the state, to investigate the matter, and, if he finds the disease exists, to make a proclamation declaring such localities infected and prohibiting the introduction therefrom of sheep into the state, except under such restrictions as, after consultation with the state sheep inspector, he may deem proper, is within the police power and is not in violation of the constitution or a regulation of interstate commerce; Rasmussen v. Idaho, 181 U. S. 198, 21 Sup. Ct. 594, 45 L. Ed. 820, affirming 7 Idaho 1, 59 Pac. 933, 52

Forty days be assigned a widow, sion-house.

Originally, a period of f6rty days. 1. The space of forty days after the death of a husband seised of land, during which his -widow was entitled to remain in her husband's capital mansionhouse, and during which time her dower was to be assigned (^Cowel; 2 Bl. Com. 135; 1 Steph. Com. 271), was in English law called quarantine; also, this right of the widow was called her quarantine. The right, in substance, exists in most of the states, though in most of them the period has been lengthened, or has 2. The maritime regulation by which all communication with individuals, ships, or goods arriving from places infected with the plague or other contagious disease, or supposed to be peculiarly liable to such infection, is interdicted for a certain definite period, is also called quarantine, because formerly a period of forty days was the one usually prescribed. This restriction is still a common one, and generally known by this name; but, under modern practice, the period of seclusion required is lessened, varying with the exigencies of the case.

commerce, crim. law, is the space of forty days, or a less quantity of time, during which the crew of a ship or vessel coming from a port or place infected or supposed to be infected with disease, are required to remain on board after their arrival, before they can be permitted to land. The object of the quarantine is to ascertain whether the crew are infected or not. To break the quarantine without legal authority is a misdemeanor. 1 Russ. on Cr. 133. In cases of insurance of ships, the insurer is responsible when the insurance extends to her being moored in port 24 hours in safety, although she may have arrived, if before the 24 hours are expired she is ordered to perform quarantine, if any accident contemplated by the policy occur. 1 Marsh. on Ins. 264.