If the consent of any one who should have been joined as plaintiff cannot be obtained, he may be made a defendant, the reason thereof being stated in the complaint; and when the question is one of a common or general interest, of many persons, or when the parties are numerous, and it is impracticable to bring them all before the court, one or more may sue or defend for the benefit of all.
Cal. Civ. Proc. Code § 382
Permissive Joinder
Applied in 3 court decisions — leading case Abdullah v. U.S. Security Associates, Inc. (2013)
Most recently applied in Liliana Canela v. Costco (July 2020)
Amended by Stats. 1971, Ch. 244.
How often courts cite this section
Court decisions citing this, by year. The dip in the last several years is a data-coverage gap, not a real trend — our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so recent citations are undercounted.
Official source: California Legislative Information. Reproduced from public-domain California statutes; confirm against the official source for the current text. Not legal advice.