The execution of a contract in writing, whether the law requires it to be written or not, supersedes all the negotiations or stipulations concerning its matter which preceded or accompanied the execution of the instrument.
Cal. Civ. Code § 1625
MANNER OF CREATING CONTRACTS
Applied in 113 court decisions — leading case Masterson v. Sine (1968)
Most recently applied in Carnegie Technologies. v. Triller (June 2022)
Amended by Stats. 1905, Ch. 451.
How often courts cite this section
Court decisions citing this, by year. The dip in the last several years is a data-coverage gap, not a real trend — our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so recent citations are undercounted.
Official source: California Legislative Information. Reproduced from public-domain California statutes; confirm against the official source for the current text. Not legal advice.