A carrier of persons without reward must use ordinary care and diligence for their safe carriage.
Cal. Civ. Code § 2096
Gratuitous Carriage of Persons
Applied in 9 court decisions — leading case 8 Cal. 3d 855 - Brown v. Merlo (1973)
Most recently applied in 222 Cal. Rptr. 3d 633 - Grotheer v. Escape Adventures, Inc. (August 2017)
Enacted 1872.
How often courts cite this section
Court decisions citing this, by year. The dip in the last several years is a data-coverage gap, not a real trend — our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so recent citations are undercounted.
Official source: California Legislative Information. Reproduced from public-domain California statutes; confirm against the official source for the current text. Not legal advice.