This article shall apply to all of the following:
(a) Employees who are excluded from the definition of “state employee” in subdivision (c) of Section 3513.
(b) Nonelected officers of the executive branch of government exempt from civil service designated by the department as eligible to receive managerial benefits.
(c) A State Traffic Sergeant in the California Highway Patrol.
(d) Commencing January 1, 1989, employees in a state bargaining unit for which a memorandum of understanding has been agreed to by the state employer and the recognized employee organization to be subject to this article and has been approved by the Legislature pursuant to law.