“Shall” is mandatory and “may” is permissive.
Cal. Health & Safety Code § 16
GENERAL PROVISIONS
Known as the Health and Safety Code
The act spans §§ 1–28 (28 sections).
Applied in 5 court decisions — leading case Hogya v. Superior Court (1977)
Most recently applied in 239 Cal. App. 4th 1020 - City of Cerritos v. State of California (August 2015)
Enacted by Stats. 1939, Ch. 60.
How often courts cite this section
Court decisions citing this, by year. The dip in the last several years is a data-coverage gap, not a real trend — our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so recent citations are undercounted.
Official source: California Legislative Information. Reproduced from public-domain California statutes; confirm against the official source for the current text. Not legal advice.