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Cal. Penal Code § 1321

Who May Be Witnesses in Criminal Actions

Applied in 15 court decisions — leading case Washington v. Texas (1967)

Most recently applied in People v. Bell (October 2015)

Enacted 1872.

How often courts cite this section

189419001925195019752000201520
citing decisions per year

Court decisions citing this, by year. The dip in the last several years is a data-coverage gap, not a real trend — our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so recent citations are undercounted.

The rules for determining the competency of witnesses in civil actions are applicable also to criminal actions and proceedings, except as otherwise provided in this Code.

Official source: California Legislative Information. Reproduced from public-domain California statutes; confirm against the official source for the current text. Not legal advice.