A statute is presumed to be prospective in its operation unless expressly made retrospective.
Iowa Code § 4.5
Prospective statutes
Applied in 6 court decisions — leading case State v. Lyle (2014)
Most recently applied in Pamela Plowman and Jeremy Plowman v. Fort Madison Community Hospital, Pil Kang, John Paiva, Davis Radiology, P.C., Leah Steffensmeier, the Women's Center, and Fort Madison Physicians and Surgeons (June 2017)
[C73, 75, 77, 79, 81, §4.5]
How often courts cite this section
Court decisions citing this, by year. The dip in the last several years is a data-coverage gap, not a real trend — our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so recent citations are undercounted.
Official source: Iowa Legislature. Reproduced from public-domain Iowa statutes; confirm against the official source for the current text. Not legal advice.