Parentage may be established by:
1. Birth. Giving birth to the child, except as otherwise provided in subchapter 8;
2. Adoption. Adoption of the child pursuant to Title 18‑C, Article 9;
3. Acknowledgment. An effective voluntary acknowledgment of parentage under subchapter 3;
4. Presumption. An unrebutted presumption of parentage under subchapter 4;
5. De facto parentage. An adjudication of de facto parentage, under subchapter 5;
6. Genetic parentage. An adjudication of genetic parentage under subchapter 6;
7. Assisted reproduction. Consent to assisted reproduction under subchapter 7; and
8. Gestational carrier agreement. Consent to a gestational carrier agreement under subchapter 8 by the intended parent or parents.