17. a. The county board of elections shall, promptly after receiving each mail-in ballot, remove the inner envelope containing the ballot from the outer envelope and shall compare the signature and the information contained on the flap of the inner envelope with the signature and information contained in the respective requests for mail-in ballots and the signature and information contained in the Statewide voter registration system. In addition, as to mail-in ballots issued less than seven days prior to an election, the county board of elections shall also check to establish that the mail-in voter did not vote in person. The county board shall reject such a ballot if it is not satisfied, pursuant to a comparison with the Statewide voter registration system, that the voter is legally entitled to vote and that the ballot conforms with the requirements of this act. The county board of elections shall conduct the determination of qualification of each voter in accordance with the requirements of the Certificate of Mail-in Voter pursuant to section 13 of P.L.2009, c.79 (C.19:63-13).
In the case of a mail-in ballot to be voted at a primary election for the general election, the ballot shall be rejected if the mail-in voter has indicated in the certificate the voter's intention to vote in a primary election of any political party in which the voter is not entitled to vote according to the Statewide voter registration system and if it shall appear from the record that the voter is not entitled to vote in a primary election of the political party which has been so indicated.
Any mail-in ballot which is received by a county board of elections shall be rejected if the inner envelope is unsealed or if either the inner or outer envelope has a seal that has been tampered with, except that when the voter failed to insert the voted mail-in ballot in the inner envelope, or failed to complete the certificate of mail-in voter on the inner envelope, or when the inner or outer envelope is missing or unsealed, or when the seal has been tampered with, the county board of elections shall permit the voter to cure the mail-in ballot as provided under subsection b. of this section. Mail-in ballots shall not be rejected due to any defect arising out of or relating to the preparation or mailing of the ballot or envelope that was not reasonably caused by the voters, such as a torn envelope and missing or insufficient glue to allow the ballot to be sealed.
Disputes about the qualifications of a mail-in voter to vote or about whether or not or how any mail-in ballot shall be counted in such election shall be referred to the Superior Court for determination, as provided under section 4 of P.L.2020, c.70 (C.19:63-17.1).
After such investigation, the county board of elections shall detach or separate the certificate from the inner envelope containing the mail-in ballot, unless it has been rejected by it or by the Superior Court, marking the envelope so as to identify the election district in which the ballot contained therein is to be voted as indicated by the voter's home address appearing on the certificate attached to or accompanying the inner envelope and, in the case of ballots to be voted at a primary election for a general election, so as to identify the political party in the primary election of which it is to be voted.
The location at which a county board of elections determines whether a mail-in ballot shall be accepted or rejected shall be considered an election district for the purposes of appointment of challengers. The determination of ballot acceptance, rejection, and curing pursuant to this section shall be subject to observation by duly appointed challengers, provided, however, that challengers shall not participate in, interfere with, object during, or otherwise delay the cure, review, or supervisory determination process for the acceptance, rejection, and curing of a mail-in ballot.
b. The county board of elections shall, promptly after receiving each mail-in ballot, undertake the procedures and requirements concerning the acceptance or rejection of each mail-in ballot enumerated in this subsection, which shall not require a vote of the board of elections to be undertaken, provided, however, that any preliminary determination to reject a mail-in ballot pursuant to this subsection shall be made by trained elections employees designated by the county board of elections and shall be subject to supervisory review designated by the county board of elections before the issuance of a cure letter or a final rejection. The supervisory review shall be conducted by two supervisory officials of different political party affiliations where practicable. No mail-in ballot shall be finally rejected without such supervisory review. The procedures and requirements concerning the acceptance or rejection of each mail-in ballot shall be as follows:
(1) within 24 hours after the decision has been made to reject a voter's mail-in or provisional ballot on the basis of a missing signature or discrepant signature, issue a "Cure Letter" by mail or email to the voter whose ballot was rejected, which shall inform the voter of that fact and provide the reasoning for rejection, and attempt to contact the voter by telephone, if a telephone number is available. The cure letter shall include a "Cure Form" and the form shall include the voter's name and instruct the voter on how to cure the alleged or actual deficiency. Cure forms shall not be referred to as affidavits or certifications and shall not be required to be sworn;
(2) when the alleged or actual deficiency involves the signature of the voter, instruct the voter that they may cure the deficiency by completing the cure form and returning it to the county board of elections in person, by fax, or by email not later than 48 hours prior to the final certification of the results of the election other than the general election, or in the case of a general election within 11 days after the general election, or by returning it to the county board of elections by mail and that the completed cure form must be received by the county board of elections not later than 48 hours prior to the final certification of the results of the election other than the general election, or in the case of a general election within 11 days after the general election;
(3) include, with the cure letter, when sent by mail, a pre-printed cure form and a postage-paid return envelope addressed to the county board of elections which the voter may use to return the cure form;
(4) inform voters that they shall not be required to submit any form of hard-copy identification document or copy thereof in order to cure a signature deficiency, but may do so by declaring that they submitted their provisional ballot or mail-in ballot and verifying their identity by either: (a) providing a valid New Jersey driver's license number or Motor Vehicle Commission non-driver identification number; (b) if the voter does not have a valid New Jersey driver's license number or Motor Vehicle Commission non-driver identification number, then by providing the last four digits of their Social Security Number; or (c) if the voter does not have the identification in (a) or (b), then attaching a legible copy of a New Jersey State-accepted form of identification, including either a sample ballot which lists the voter's name and address, an official federal, State, county, or municipal document which lists the voter's name and address, or a utility bill, telephone bill, or tax or rent receipt which lists the voter's name and address; and (d) signing and dating the cure form prior to returning it;
(5) when the deficiency is because the voter failed to insert the voted mail-in ballot in the inner envelope, or failed to complete the certificate of mail-in voter on the inner envelope, when the inner or outer envelope is missing or unsealed, or when the seal appears to have been tampered with, or due to any deficiency other than a missing or discrepant signature subject to the curing procedures otherwise specified in this section, provide the voter with a new mail-in ballot, inform the voter of the defect through the cure letter required pursuant to this subsection, and permit the voter to cure the defect by submitting the new completed ballot by mail, returning it to the county board of elections in person, or placing it into a ballot drop box, in accordance with the timeframes applicable to the return of completed mail-in ballots provided under current law; except that the requirement to provide a new mail-in ballot to a voter under this paragraph shall be implemented only if the county board of elections can identify the name and address of the voter using official pre-printed information on the voter’s ballot or envelope materials and if the new mail-in ballot can be provided to the voter in accordance with the timeframes specified under section 3 of P.L.2009, c.79 (C.19:63-3); and
(6) when a voter has applied for and received a mail-in ballot, transmitted it to the county board of elections, and has received a cure letter and, if applicable, a cure form, for any reason as provided in this subsection, prior to the day of the election, the voter shall be permitted to vote in-person, either during the early voting period or on election day, using a provisional ballot pursuant to section 7 of P.L.1999, c.232 (C.19:53C-1).
All cure letters shall include instructions informing the voter of the option to vote in-person, either during the early voting period or on election day, using a provisional ballot instead of having to return the cure form or replacement mail-in ballot, as applicable.
c. If a voter returns a completed cure form in a timely manner and the information provided verifies the voter's identity, pursuant to this section, their otherwise valid mail-in or provisional ballot shall be counted in the final election results irrespective of any signature deficiency previously identified and, under those circumstances, the cure form may not be verified or authenticated using signature matching.
d. In accordance with this section, variations in voter signatures caused by the substitution of initials for the first name or middle name, or both, shall not be grounds for the county board of elections to determine that the signatures are non-conforming or do not match.
e. In cases of rejected ballots, the county board of elections shall retain the voter's outer envelope, inner envelope, self-certification certificate, and mail-in ballot in a bundle unique to each voter for a period of two years in accordance with section 24 of P.L.2009, c.79 (C.19:63-24).
f. County boards of elections shall be required to meet at least once each week during the three-week period preceding each election to conduct the ballot processing and curing provisions specified in this section and shall meet more frequently as may be required by the Secretary of State to ensure the timely processing of ballots.
g. The Secretary of State shall prepare educational materials regarding this section that all employed county boards of elections employees handling ballots shall read and have available for review. The materials shall provide clear information regarding the standards for acceptance and rejection of mail-in ballots and the safe-keeping of all materials in the case of rejection. The materials shall serve an educational purpose for the county board of elections and shall not replace, supersede, or void the authority of the county board or a judge of the Superior Court to accept or reject a mail-in ballot.
h. Any issuance and receipt of a cure letter, cure form, and new mail-in ballot pursuant to the provisions of this section shall be recorded in the voter’s record in the Statewide Voter Registration System. Prior to July 1, 2026, the Secretary of State shall cause such changes to be made to that system as may be necessary to facilitate the recording requirements of this subsection and shall certify to the Legislature and county boards of elections that the Statewide Voter Registration System has been updated, tested, and deployed to support the requirements of P.L.2025, c.322, which certification shall include, but may not be limited to:
(1) the recording of the issuance and receipt of cure letters, cure forms, and new mail-in ballots;
(2) the tracking of supervisory review determinations; and
(3) the ability of county boards of elections to uniformly comply with the provisions of this section.
i. Notwithstanding any provision of this section, or any other law, rule, or regulation to the contrary, a county board of elections shall not be required to issue a cure letter, cure form, or a new mail-in ballot to any voter, or otherwise contact the voter, when the voter cannot be identified by the county board of elections using official pre-printed information on the voter’s ballot or envelope materials.