In any action for the breach of an obligation not arising from contract, where the defendant has been guilty of oppression, fraud, or malice, actual or presumed, or in any case of wrongful injury to animals, being subjects of property, committed intentionally or by willful and wanton misconduct, in disregard of humanity, the jury, in addition to the actual damage, may give damages for the sake of example, and by way of punishing the defendant.
S.D. Codified Laws § 21-3-2
Punitive damages in discretion of jury
Applied in 87 court decisions — leading case Chem-Age Industries, Inc. v. Glover (2002)
Most recently applied in Fiechtner v. American West Ins. (November 2025)
Source: CivC 1877, §§ 1946, 1974; CL 1887, §§ 4580, 4607; RCivC 1903, §§ 2292, 2319; RC 1919, §§ 1965, 1991; SDC 1939 & Supp 1960, § 37.1902.
How often courts cite this section
Court decisions citing this, by year. The dip in the last several years is a data-coverage gap, not a real trend — our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so recent citations are undercounted.
Official source: South Dakota Legislature. Reproduced from public-domain South Dakota statutes; confirm against the official source for the current text. Not legal advice.