S.D. Codified Laws § 25-7A-2

Any payment of public assistance made to or for the benefit of any dependent child creates a debt due to the state, by the person or persons who are responsible for support of the children, in an amount equal to the amount of public assistance money paid. If there is a court order, administrative order, or final decree of divorce, the debt is limited to the amount of the order or decree including the full amount of all payments in arrears under the order or decree. The secretary of social services may, if the debt is not established by order, limit the debt to an amount consistent with the debtor's ability to pay, both as to amounts accrued and accruing during any period in which public assistance payments are made. The Department of Social Services may petition the appropriate court for modification of a court order on the same grounds as either party to the cause. A person receiving public assistance for the benefit of a dependent child does not incur a debt under this chapter for the period the person received assistance.