This chapter does not apply to an appropriation:
(1) to pay or indemnify a person for a negligent act or omission in the diagnosis, care, or treatment of a health care or mental health care patient, without regard to whether the claim is based on tort or contract principles;
(2) to pay a claim based on the conduct of a state medical school or of a hospital affiliated with an institution of higher education of this state;
(3) to pay a claim based on the conduct of an institution of higher education; or
(4) to pay a claim based on the conduct of a state law enforcement agency, including the Texas Department of Public Safety, or of a state corrections agency, including the Texas Department of Criminal Justice and the Board of Pardons and Paroles.