Tex. Water Code § 16.015

The executive administrator may make studies and investigations of the physical characteristics of water-bearing formations and of the sources, occurrence, quantity, and quality of the underground water supply of the state and may study and investigate feasible methods to conserve, preserve, improve, and supplement this supply. The work shall first be undertaken in areas where, in the judgment of the board, the greatest need exists, and in determining the need, the board shall consider all beneficial uses essential to the general welfare of the state. Water-bearing formations may be explored by coring or other mechanical or electrical means when the area to be investigated has more than a local influence on water resources.